Ishida, Baigan

Ishida, Baigan
(1685-1744)
   A farmer's son from north of Kyoto who founded the popular shingaku (heart-learning) movement. He was apprenticed to a merchant family in Kyoto and studied in his spare time. In 1729 at the age of 44 he started giving free lectures in the city, gaining an increasing following among the townspeople (chonin) and some samurai and Buddhist monks for his clear and inspiring guidance in matters of ethics and spirituality. He remained unmarried and devoted all his efforts to teaching a syncretic blend of Shinto, Taoist, Confucian and Buddhist philosophy which stressed the need to cultivate the shin (kokoro, heart or mind) in order to manifest virtues of harmony, frugality and honesty. He is remembered as a kind and considerate man. In the Kyoto famine of 1740 he and his followers collected contributions for the relief of the poor.

A Popular Dictionary of Shinto. .

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